UNIVERSIDAD DE SONORA CAMPUS NOGALES ENGLISH 4 COPIES THE TEACHER LIC. LUIS ALEJANDRO BASURTO ALVAREZ IDIOMS DON'T GIVE UP THE DAY JOB Explicación del Modismo YOU ARE NOT VERY GOOD AT THAT. YOU COULD DEFINITELY NOT DO IT PROFESSIONALLY. Ejemplo del Modismo en Inglés #1 "I REALLY LIKE THE WAY YOU SING BUT DON'T GIVE UP YOUR DAY JOB." A CASH COW Explicación del Modismo AN EASY WAY TO EARN MONEY REGULARLY. Ejemplo del Modismo "INCOME TAX IS A REAL CASH COW FOR THE GOVERNMENT." BITE OFF MORE THAN YOU CAN CHEW Explicación del Modismo TRYING TO DO SOMETHING THAT IS TOO DIFFICULT OR TIME CONSUMING TO FINISH. Ejemplo del Modismo e "I'M GLAD YOU WANT TO PREPARE THE REPORT BY YOURSELF. JUST BE SURE THAT YOU DON'T BITE OFF MORE THAN YOU CAN CHEW." CLEAR THE AIR Explicación del Modismo DISCUSS SOMETHING THAT WAS CAUSING PEOPLE TO FEEL UPSET. Ejemplo del Modismo "THERE SEEMS TO HAVE BEEN A MISUNDERSTANDING. I'D LIKE TO EXPLAIN WHAT HAPPENED, JUST TO CLEAR THE AIR." TURN YOUR BACK ON Explicación del Modismo GIVE UP ON, OR ABANDON. Ejemplo del Modismo "I NEED YOUR HELP BUT YOU JUST TURNED YOUR BACK ON ME." NOT CUT OUT FOR Explicación del Modismo NOT SUITABLE FOR SOMETHING. Ejemplo del Modismo "HE TRIED MOUNTAIN CLIMBING BUT HE SIMPLY WAS NOT CUT OUT FOR IT." SCRAPE THE BOTTOM OF THE BARREL Explicación del Modismo THE VERY LAST, OR THE VERY WORST. Ejemplo del Modismo "THESE ARE THE LAST VOLUNTEERS WE COULD FIND. WE REALLY HAD TO SCRAPE THE BOTTOM OF THE BARREL TO FIND THEM." A CLASS ACT Explicación del Modismo SOPHISTICATED, ABOVE AVERAGE. Ejemplo del Modismo "HE OFFERED TO HELP, EVEN THOUGH HE DOESN'T KNOW ME. HE'S A REAL CLASS ACT." CLEAN UP YOUR ACT Explicación del Modismo IMPROVE YOUR BEHAVIOR. Ejemplo del Modismo "IF YOU ARE EVER GOING TO IMPROVE YOUR ENGLISH SKILLS, YOU MUST START GETTING TO CLASS ON TIME AND DOING YOUR HOMEWORK. WHY DON'T YOU CLEAN UP YOUR ACT?" BURGUER KING What started with one restaurant in Miami in 1954 has grown to 11,350 restaurants in 58 countries worldwide. And we're still growing. We'd love to share with you our past, our present and where we're heading in the future. Whether you're looking for franchise and career information, recent news about BURGER KING®, or simply just contact information, you've found the right place. The Burger King Corporation uses over 50 years of experience as it moves proudly into the future. As a brand, our company has never been stronger. Whether it's our Executive Team or each individual employee across thousands of locations, we strive to serve our customers consistently. After all, we take Pride in serving our Guests the Best Burgers and a variety of other Great Tasting, Healthy Foods Cooked over an Open Fire. That's what we're all International Restaurant Locations ASIA/PACIFIC Australia (289) Guam (6) Japan (11) Republic Korea (118) Malaysia (13) New Zealand (63) Philippines (35) Singapore (45) Taiwan (21) Thailand (15) CANADA (368) LATIN AMERICA/CARIBBEAN Argentina (25) Bahamas (4) Bolivia (6) Cayman Island (3) Chile (23) Costa Rica (26) Dominican Republic (28) Ecuador (13) El Salvador (21) Guatemala (27) Honduras (21) Jamaica (16) Mexico (167) Netherland Antilles (7) Nicaragua (2) Panama (11) Paraguay (4) Peru (13) Puerto Rico (162) Uruguay (2) Venezuela (19) EUROPE/MIDDLE EAST/AFRICA Austria (15) Bahrain (5) Cyprus (1) Denmark (9) Germany (388) Gibraltar (2) Hungary (14) Republic of Ireland (19) Israel (46) Italy (31) Jordan (4) Kuwait (44) Malta (3) Netherlands (30) Norway (23) Portugal (9) Qatar (4) Saudi Arabia (35) Spain (289) Sweden (47) Switzerland (3) The United Kingdom (662) Turkey (100) United Arab Emirates (16 EL PRESENTE PERFECTO El tiempo presente perfecto que es “HAVE Y HAS” se utiliza con algún verbo en PARTICIPIO SI NO HA PARTICIPIO, EN PASADO COMO TODOS LOS VERBOS REGULARES, PERO LOS IRREGULARES LA MAYORIA TIENEN PARTICIPIO. I, YOU, THEY, WE ( HAVE ) (HAVEN’T) HE, SHE, IT (HAS) (HASN’T) EJEMPLO: I HAVE MAILED THE GIFT, JACK HAS MAILED THE GIFT THIS IS A REAMINDER REGULAR AND IRREGULAR VERBS Los verbos regulares y irregulars, para formar su pasado, tienen siertas reglas, los regulares, se agrega “ED” o “D” al final de la palabra; pero los irregulars, NO es decir cambian totalmente su forma. Si la palabra contienen la ultima letra que se “E”, solo se agrega “D”, pero si no tiene tal letra se agrega “ED” y a los verbos que terminan en “Y” se quita la “Y” y se agrega “IED” Para la pronunciación de la terminación “ED” hay 3 Reglas 1.- si la palabra termina en “D” o “T” la terminación “ED” se pronuncia como una silaba más. ejemplo visit visited pronunciation visited wait waited want wanted need needed 2.- si la palabra termina con sonido de “C, CH, F, K, P, S, SH, X” la terminación “ED” se pronuncia como “T”, incorporando el sonido de la “T” en la pronunciación de la ultima sílaba, o cuando el verbo conste de una sola sílaba en esta misma.. Ejemplo: Ask ---- asked pronunciation askt like ---- liked pronunciation likt Look ---- looked lookt talk ---- talked talkt 3.- en todos los demás casos, la terminación “ED” se pronuncia, haciendo muda la “E” ejemplo call ---- called pronunciation cald clean ----- cleaned cleand SOME REGULAR VERBS Administrate answer appreciate Arrive ask attend Attract beg believe Belong board boil Bother broil build Cable call carry Change chat claim Clean climb close Collect compete complete Confirm consider continue Constitute contradict cook Copy invite introduce Inspect import hurry Hope help happen Guess greet furnish Fry flatter finish Fill fasten extend Expect excuse exchange Examine entertain enter Enjoy employ eliminate Effect dress dream Discuss die demand Decorate declare decide Deal cross join Provide land pull learn reach like Receive list recommend Live reduce look Register love mail Regulate manufacture mark Relax remember mention Rent miss represent Move require reserve Return note obtain Sail open save Order separate overlook Serve share shave Shoot owe pack Paint park show Sign perform pick Plan play smell Smoke spread snow Prefer start stop Present stay study Prepare print suggest Process supply produce Suppose promise surprise Prove sweep vote Wait talk thank Tip walk want Waste toss watch Touch travel weep Weigh welcome wish Work worry wrap Treat try turn Type unpack use visit IRREGULAR VERBS VERBOS IRREGULARES Son los que cambian totalmente su forma. No hay regla especifica, hay que aprenderlos. Algunos Verbos Irregulares: PRESENTE PASADO PARTICIPIO Be Was, Were BEEN Beat beat BEATEN Become became BECOME Begin began BEGUN Break broke BROKEN Blow Blew BLOWN Bring brought BROUGHT Buy bought BOUGHT Can could --------------- Catch caught CAUGHT Choose chose CHOSEN Come came COME Cost cost COST Cut cut CUT Dig dug, digged DUG Do did DONE Drink drank DRUNK Drive drove DRIVEN Eat ate EATEN Fall fell FALLEN Feed fed FED Feel felt FELT Fight fought FOUGHT Fly flew FLOWN Forget forgot FORGOTTEN Go went GONE Go back went back GONE BACK Freeze froze FROZEN Get got GOTTEN Get up got up GOTTEN UP Give gave GIVEN Grow grew GROWN Hang hung HUNG Have had HAD Hear heard HEARD Hit hit HIT Hold held HELD Hurt hurt HURT Keep kept KEPT Know knew KNOWN Lay laid LAID Lead led LED Leap lept, leaped LEAPT Leave left LEFT Lend lent LENT Let let LET Lie lay LAIN Lose lost LOST Make made MADE Sale, for sale sold SOLD May might --------- Mean meant MEANT Meet met MET Must ---------- ---------- Ought ought ----------- Pay paid PAID Put put PUT Read read READ Put on put on PUT ON Ride rodE RIDDEN Ring rang RUNG Rise rose RISEN Run ran RUN Say said SAID See saw SEEN Sell sold SOLD Send sent SENT Set set SET Sew sewed SEWN Shake shook SHAKEN Shall should ------------ Shine shone SHONE Sing sung, sang SUNG Shrink shrank, shrunk SHRUNKEN Sink sunk SUNK Sit sat SAT Sleep slept SLEPT Speak spoke SPOKEN Spend spent SPENT Stand stood STOOD Steal stole STOLEN Swim swam SWUM Swing swung SWUNG Take took TAKEN Teach taught TAUGHT Tear tore TORN Tell told TOLD Think thought THOUGHT Understand understood UNDRESTOOD Wake woke, waked WAKED Wet wet WET Wear wore WORN Will would --------- Win won WON Write wrote WRITTEN EJERCICIO : USA EL VERBO CORRESPONDIENTE Y EL VERBO HAVE O HAS 1.- I _____ _______ THE TOWN IMURIS ( VISIT ) 2.- SHE ______ _______ THE MOVIES YESTERDAY ( SEE ) 3.- _______ I ______ SICK ? ( WAS, WERE ) 4.- THEY _____ _____ TO THE U.S. ( WAS, WERE ) 5.- WE _____ ______ TO THE PRESIDENT ( SPEAK) 6.- HE ______ ______ LIVING HERE FOR FIVE YEARS (WAS, WERE) 7.- THEY _____ JUST ________ (GO) EJERCICIO 2 : COMPLETA LO QUE FALTA 1.- PAUL AND BERRY ______ ________ SPANISH SINCE 3 WEEKS. 2.- SALMA AND SOFIA ______ SEEN A MOVIE 3.- MICHAEL AND ROBERT __________ ________ IN BRITAIN SINCE MARCH 4,.- VERONICA ________ (NEG) _________ TO HER PARENTS 5.- MADONNA _______ _______ IN LONDON FOR 2 YEARS 6.- BRAD PITT ________ (NEG) ________ A MUSEUM 7.- RAUL AND SERGIO _______ _______ ON THEIR CAR 8.- LUZ ELENA AND MARIBEL ________ (NEG) ________ THEIR HAIR 9.- WHAT ______ BEN AND JENIFER ___________ IN BEVERLY HILLS? 10.- WHERE ______ CRISTINA AGUILERA _______ HER HIT FIGHTER 11.- _______ (NEG) YOU AND FERNANDO _________ BASKETBALL? 1.- Coloca una “R” si el verbo es Regular. Coloca una “I” si el verbo es Irregular _____Add ____ deal ____ was, were ___begin ____help _____cut ____change ____cook ____bring ___cost ___love ____come ____call ____put ____mail ____get ____copy ___sing II.- Pon en presente los siguientes verbos. __________wet __________worked _______paid _______set _______played _______blew ______wanted _____gave ______did _______opened _____lived III.- 3.- Pon los siguientes verbos en pasado. __________agree ______call ______ chat _______become _______catch _______leap _______ride _______lose ________sleep _________wish V.- Usa WAS o WERE. we ______ very depressed last Monday. The weather _____ terrible. It ______ cold and Foggy. My wife _____ sick, and the neighbor _____ angry because my children _____ Noisy VI.- Usa Was, Were, Wasn’t, Weren’t. A) _____ Jennifer at school yesterday? B) No, she ___________. she __________ sick. A) Why ___________ Jane and Betty upset? B) They ___________ upset because the weather __________ good. A) Where __________ you and Lois last night? We called you, but you ___________ at home. B) We ____________ at the movies. A) and you ________ at the hotel, No We _______, We ________ with my friend at a party B) oh! That’s great, but my brother ________ looking for you. A) tell him sorry, but we _________ busy. And He ________ ( NEG) at home when We call, then We call my friend Lucas and he ______ there, later we went to see a movie that _______ fun, (neg) We decide to go eat, and the apples _______ delicious. Lucas _______ (neg) very hungry, and I ate all of the food. I.- Usa Do - Does - Is - Are Ejemplo: What does Walter usually do on Sunday? A) Where _______ Boby studying? B) When _______ Mary and Walter usually go to the bank? C) Why ________ Barbara shivering? D) ______________ Bill usually wash the dishes ? E) _________ Jack and Judy cooking dinner today? F) Do they have any pets? Yes, they ___ 4.- EL VERBO “TO BE” EN PASADO MAS EL PASADO PARTICIPIO. Ej..- I wrote these answers These answers were written by me. 1.- the school cheerleader hit me. I __________ _____________ by the cheerleader 2.- the movie matrix beat x-men x-men _________ ____________ by the matrix 3.- Leonardo sees often Jennifer Pok. Jennifer _______ ________ often with Leonardo 4.- my wife beats him all day he ________ _____________ by his wife 5.- the news article surprises me. I __________ _____________ by the news article 6.- the story fascinates Kim. Kim _________ ____________ by the story 7.- Mary helps me often. I _______ often ___________ by Mary 8.- The client ordered a package. A package _______ ____________ by the client 9.- My sister bought these shirts. These shirts ________ ___________ by my sister The Wal-Mart Story "We're all working together; that's the secret. And we'll lower the cost of living for everyone, not just in America, but we'll give the world an opportunity to see what it's like to save and have a better lifestyle, a better life for all. We're proud of what we've accomplished; we've just begun." - Sam Walton (1918-1992) Sam Walton's dream was simple: Give people high value, low prices and a warm welcome. That dream was realized in 1962 with the opening of the first Wal-Mart. Today, Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., employs more than 1.2 million associates worldwide. The company has more than 3,000 stores and offices across the United States and more than 1,000 stores internationally. It has also expanded online with Walmart.com, which is dedicated to bringing Sam Walton's dream to the Internet. If you ask customers why they return to Wal-Mart again and again, chances are they'll say it's because of more than just the great prices and appealing selection. It's also because of the people, starting with the friendly greeters at the front of every store. Prompt, friendly service is a serious matter at Wal-Mart. This commitment to people means that we also take seriously our responsibilities as a corporate neighbor. Local Wal-Mart stores have made a difference in their communities by: • Underwriting college scholarships for high school seniors. • Raising funds for local children's hospitals via the Children's Miracle Network Telethon. • Educating the public about recycling and other environmental concerns via a "Green Coordinator," a specially trained associate who coordinates efforts to make each store environmentally responsible. • Sponsoring a Community Matching Grant program, which involves fund-raising efforts by a nonprofit organization with the participation of Wal-Mart associates. A lot has changed since the first Wal-Mart opened, but we continue every day to bring you the highest value at the lowest prices. And you'll always be greeted with a warm welcome, whether you walk through the door of your local Wal-Mart store or turn on your computer to visit us at Walmart.com. Wal-Mart International Operations Wal-Mart became an international company in 1991 when a SAM'S CLUB opened near Mexico City. Just two years later, the Wal-Mart International Division was created to oversee growing opportunities worldwide. Today, customers at more than 1,300 units in nine countries prove that Wal-Mart's Every Day Low Price promise is a message clearly understood in any language. The division currently operates stores and clubs employing more than 300,000 associates in the following countries: Argentina Brazil Canada China Germany Japan Korea Mexico Puerto Rico United Kingdom Development opportunities. Wal-Mart has experienced success internationally because of its ability to transport the company's unique culture and effective retailing concepts to each new country. Associates get involved in the local communities and adapt to local cultures. They respond to customer needs, merchandise preferences and local suppliers. By serving each hometown in its own unique way, Wal-Mart International has realized significant growth with potential for much greater development worldwide. Wal-Mart International has achieved global expansion through a combination of new store construction and acquisitions. This strategy has given the company excellent market penetration and positioned it for future development. The company sees its development throughout North America, Latin America, Asia and Europe as a good beginning with many promising areas for further expansion. Financial results. The division has posted impressive financial results. Fiscal 2003 sales reached $40.7 billion, a 15 percent increase over the previous year, and operating profit rose to $2.03 billion, an increase of 55.8 percent. Expansion plans. This year, Wal-Mart International plans to open 120 to 130 units in existing markets. The announced units include two restaurant formats, specialty apparel retail stores and supermarkets in Mexico. Sony Corporation of America Sony Corporation of America, based in New York City, is the U.S. subsidiary of Sony Corporation, headquartered in Tokyo. Sony is a leading manufacturer of audio, video, communications, and information technology products for the consumer and professional markets. Its music, motion picture, television, computer entertainment, and online businesses make Sony one of the most comprehensive entertainment companies in the world. Sony's principal U.S. businesses include Sony Electronics Inc., Sony Pictures Entertainment, Sony Music Entertainment Inc., and Sony Computer Entertainment America Inc. Sony recorded consolidated annual sales of over $62.3 billion for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2003, and it employs 161,100 people worldwide. Sony's consolidated sales in the U.S. for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2003, was $20 billion. UNDERLINE THE CORRRECT ANSWER Since I first ___________ him, I have never noticed anything rude in his behavior. a) meet b) met c) have meet d) have met e) am meeting f) has meet The concert was wonderful; I wish you __________ a) coming b) to have come c) had come d) came e) come f) to come My dad _______ not _________ our telephone bill. a) had – pay b) have - pay c) had – paid d) have – paid e) having - pay I am very happy to ___________ your invitation. a) except b) accept c) axept d) accepted e) excepted f) acept Have you ________ about the _________ news ? a) hear – last b) heard – next c) hear – next d) heards – last e) heard - last USE Have o Has WITH THE CORRECT PAST PARTICIPLE. a) ______ you ever _________ a big horse ? b) ______ Jowana ever _______ late for an important appointment? c) _______ the Lakers ever _______ their championship ? d) ________ Aracely Arambula ever _______ in Nogales ? e) ________ they ever ________ a house on fire ? f) __________ the x-men ever _______ where they parked their plane? READ THIS NEWSPAPAER AND COMPLETE WITH THE VERBS. HAD LIFTED RAN RENTED SAID SAW SPENT SWAM WAS A group of tourists on a tour of the Grand Canyon ___________ a free helicopter ride on a recent vacation. The group ___________ a boat for a ride through the canyon, but the boat _________ into a rook and sank. The tourists _________ to the shore and ___________ the night in a cave. The next morning, a rescue team in a helicopter ___________ them and __________ them out of the canyon. It _________ the best part of the tour _________ all the tourists. 3.- I let her __________ what she likes. a) to do b) to did c) do d) doing e) done 4.- I _________ him for years a) known b) have known c) knew d) am knowing 5.- He _________ a new garage door. a) make b) made c) bad c) is made d) is bad e) has made 6.- I don’t know where ___________ a) he bought his hat b) did he buy his hat c) his hat he bought d) bought he his hat e) he has his bought hat 7.- I wish __________ him more often a) us b) seeing c) us seeing d) we are seeing e) we saw f) saw g) we see 8.- They should have _________ earlier. a) begin b) began c) begun d) had begun e) have begun f) begans 9.- it’s high time you _______ a) answer b) will answer c) going to d) answered e) have answered 10.- What must be ___________ in order to get the contract ? a) doing b) to do c) done d) have done e) has done f) doing to 11.- I haven’t ___________ at a restaurant all month. a) eating b) eaten c) ate d) eat 12.- When I got home yesterday, my children __________ already finished their homework a) have b) has c) were d) was e) had 13.- Does Wonder Woman ________ to drive downtown ? a) to like b) like c) avoid d) enjoy e) likes 14.- Why didn’t you _________ in the church last Sunday? a) sing b) sang c) sung 15.- I have already __________ twenty invitations. a) writing b) written c) wrote d) write 16.- When you’re learning ___________, you have to keep on __________ a) to skate - to practice b) skate - practice c) skating - practicing d) to skate – practicing e) skate – to practice f) skating practice 17.- When I saw Ricky Martin last night, he ___________singing his songs a) was b) has been c) have been d) had to e) have to 18.- Chayanne __________ been studying French for two years before he ever spoke it a) had b) has c) was d) have e) were f) hadn’t g) haven’t 19.- I’m glad you __________ painting pictures. a) enjoy b) decided c) learned 20.- Spiderman _________ skiing since he was ten years old. a) has been b) have been c) had been d) hadn’t been 21.- He ________ a check, but he _______ sign _______ name. a) send – did – her b) send – don’t – his c) sent – did – he d) sent – didn’t – his 22.- How many languages _______ Gael Garcia ______? Do you _______? a) does – speak – know b) does – speaks – know c) do – speak - knows c) does – speaks – knows d) do – speak - know Choose the correct answer I.- I have got to take in my suit a) It’s to big b) It’s too small c) It’s too hot II.- You’re required to go to the meeting a) you might go to the meeting b) You don’t have to go to the meeting c) you have to go to the meeting III.- Liz ran up a big phone bill a) she talked on the telephone a lot b) she didn’t use her cell phone. C) the phone company gave her a phone IV.- Ms. Johnson was promoted. A) she was hired b) she was fired c) she was given a more important job V.- Parking is permitted here. A) you can’t park here b) you can park here c) you have to park here translate Heartburn ___________ nosebleeds _________ hiccups _____________ Rashes ____________ sprains ____________ yeast ____________ chocking _______ 1.- A. Is your daughter studying? B. No, she ______ a) doesn’t b) isn’t c) sleeping d) wasn’t 2.- A. What languages does your mother speak? B. She _______ English and Spanish a) speak b) speaking c) read d) speaks 3.- A. When do you see Bob and Julie? B. I see _____ every day a) them b) they’re c) her d) they 4.- A. Can you ski? B. No, _______ a) we can b) I can c) I can’t d) you can’t 5.- A. Can you go to the movies with us? B. I’m sorry. I ______ to work a) can b) have c) going d) can’t 6.- A. _______ is the meeting? B. It’s at 10:00 a) What b) Where c) Where d) When 7.- A. What’s your ______ name? B. His name is Walter a) nephew b) uncle’s c) aunt’s d) niece’s 8.- A Do your neighbors make a lot of noise? B. No, they ________ a) do b) don’t c) won’t d) doesn’t 9.- Is that ________ new car? a) Mr. Wilson b) of Mr. Wilson c) Mr. Wilsons d) Mr. Wilson’s 10.- My daughter _____ a red bicycle a) is b) has c) ride d) have 11.- Why are they ________ their apartment today? a) clean b) vacuum c) cleaned d) cleaning 12.- Bob can _______ soccer today a) playing b) play c) plays d) played 13.- _________ there a laundromat near here? a) Is b) Are c) Do d) Does 14.- When ______ to work? a) you go b) go you c) you do go d) do you go 15.- She _________ busy now. a) isn’t b) aren’t c) doesn’t d) don’t be 16.- These _______ are heavy. a) glass b) chair c) books d) box 17.- What does Frank _________ on Friday? a) does b) go c) doesn’t d) do 18.- _______ Pamela eat at that restaurant? a) Does b) Is c) When d) Where 19.- Jim and _______ brother like music very much. a) him b) he c) his d) your e) yours 20.- Please tell _______ what he want to know a) her b) she c) he d) his e) him GET YOUR ACT TOGETHER Explicación del Modismo GET MORE ORGANIZED. Ejemplo del Modismo "YOU HAVE BEEN LATE FOR WORK EVERY DAY THIS WEEK. IF YOU WANT TO KEEP THIS JOB, YOU MUST GET YOUR ACT TOGETHER." A PIECE OF THE ACTION Explicación del Modismo PARTICIPATION IN AN ACTIVITY. OFTEN RELATED TO GAMBLING OR BUSINESS TRANSACTIONS. Ejemplo del Modismo "I HEARD THAT YOU ARE LOOKING FOR PARTNERS IN YOUR NEW INVESTMENT. IF YOU DON'T MIND, I WOULD LIKE TO GET IN ON A PIECE OF THE ACTION." GO APE Explicación del Modismo GO CRAZY. Ejemplo del Modismo "JACK WAS REALLY ANGRY. I THOUGHT HE WAS GOING TO GO APE." A GREY AREA Explicación del Modismo SOMETHING THAT IS DIFFICULT TO DEFINE. Ejemplo del Modismo I RESEARCHED YOUR CASE BUT THERE ARE NOT ANY BLACK AND WHITE ANSWERS. YOUR SITUATION SEEMS TO FALL INTO A GREY AREA." UP IN ARMS Explicación del Modismo ANGRY. Ejemplo del Modismo "THE CROWD WAS AGITATED. EVERYONE WAS UP IN ARMS OVER THE GOVERNMENT DECISION." BE GLAD TO SEE THE BACK OF Explicación del Modismo BE HAPPY WHEN A PERSON LEAVES. Ejemplo del Modismo THAT GUY BOTHERS ME. I'll BE GLAD TO SEE THE BACK OF HIM." GIVE HIM CREDIT Explicación del Modismo ACKNOWLEDGE AN ACHIEVEMENT OR CONTRIBUTION OF A PERSON." Ejemplo del Modismo "ALTHOUGH HE IS NOT EASY TO WORK FOR, YOU HAVE TO GIVE HIM CREDIT FOR MANAGING THE COMPANY WELL." EAGER BEAVER Explicación del Modismo ENTHUSIASTIC PERSON. Ejemplo del Modismo "JOHN DID ALL OF HIS HOMEWORK BEFORE SUPPER. HE SURE IS AN EAGER BEAVER." SCRATCH THE SURFACE Explicación del Modismo EXAMINE ONLY A PART OF SOMETHING. UNCOVER ONLY A FEW FACTS ABOUT SOMETHING. Ejemplo del Modismo "CANCER RESEARCH IS A VERY LONG-TERM PROCESS. SO FAR, WE HAVE JUST BEGUN TO SCRATCH THE SURFACE." GIVE HIM THE SLIP Explicación del Modismo LEAVE HIM. HIDE FROM HIM. Ejemplo del Modismo "I THINK THAT MAN IS FOLLOWING US. LET'S GIVE HIM THE SLIP." GET THE BALL ROLLING Explicación del Modismo START SOMETHING. Ejemplo del Modismo "ALL RIGHT EVERYONE, WE SPENT A LOT OF TIME PLANNING THIS PROJECT. NOW, IT'S TIME TO GET THE BALL ROLLING." JUMP ON THE BANDWAGON Explicación del Modismo JOIN A POPULAR TREND OR ACTIVITY. Ejemplo del Modismo "I LIKE THAT NEW PROCEDURE AND I'VE DECIDED TO JUMP ON THE BANDWAGON." KEEP SOMETHING AT BAY Explicación del Modismo KEEP SOMETHING AWAY. Ejemplo del Modismo e "SARAH FOUND IT DIFFICULT TO KEEP THE SALESPERSON AT BAY." SPILL THE BEANS Explicación del Modismo TELL A SECRET. Ejemplo del Modismo "I WON'T BE THE ONE TO SPILL THE BEANS." FLESH AND BLOOD Explicación del Modismo A RELATIVE. Ejemplo del Modismo "I MUST HELP HIM. AFTER ALL, HE'S MY OWN FLESH AND BLOOD." FIT THE BILL Explicación del Modismo SEEMS CORRECT. Ejemplo del Modismo "THAT SEEMS TO FIT THE BILL. I'LL TAKE IT." BLACK AND BLUE Explicación del Modismo BRUISED. Ejemplo del Modismo "HE WAS BEATEN UNTIL HE WAS BLACK AND BLUE." Law English 1.- Betraying your country to a foreign power a) Espionage b) treason c) exertion d) betrayance 2.- You must know that you are___________ when you part on the pavement z) forgetting the law x) omitting the law c) breaking the law d) following the law 4.- Their are rumors of a takeover, but they are still_____________ a) in confirmed b) unconfirmed c) confirmed d) incomfirmed 6.- Relating to a company a) corporate b) companion c) companion d) accompany 7.- The place where a trial is held a) court b) trial place c) fairy d) judgment 9.- The prisoner ____________ guilty to all chargers a) said he was b) pleaded c) confessed d) told he was 10.- Two of the men were sent to prison, but the judge____________ the third a) pardon b) acquitted c) left d) pleaded 11- He says he’s innocent and he’s going to ____________ to the supreme court against the decision. A) talk b) appeal c) commit d) complain 14.- They are accused of _____________ a security van and stealing 4500 a) hold up b) holding in c) holding up d) helding in 15.- I´m afraid that this court is not ___________ to deal with this matter. You will have to go to a higher court a) sufficient b) competent c) important d) superior 16.- This tribunal will now _____________ until tomorrow at ten a.m. a) wait b) adjourn c) stay d) prorogue 18.- According to the terms of the contract if the _______ doesn’t pay the rent for 2 months he can be evicted a) tenant b) neighbor c) person d) guy 20.- The judge ________ the driver from all responsibility for the accident a) pardoned b) forgiven c) forgave d) exonerated 21.- I can __________ Mr. Waterman’s alibi. At the time of the theft I saw him in Brighton a) find b) corroborate c) derogate d) change 22.- The crisis happened during the summer __________ and parliament had to be recalled a) vacancy b) recess c) break d) holiday 23.- A government _________ revealed that discussions had been concluded on the treaty n) spokesman j) spokerman k) speakman t) speakerman 25.- Going through a ceremony of marriage when you are still married to someone else 26.- Find the mistake (if any and correct it): He was awared $100.000 to compensate of the danages causes by the mamfactured. EJERCICIO 3 : CON ESTAS FRASES HACER ORACIONES COMPLETAS. 1.- HAVE BOUGHT SOME CLOTHES 2.- HAVE READ SOME BOOKS ABOUT SPAIN 3.- HAS BEEN TO CANADIAN EMBASSY 4.- HASN’T PUT THE CAR IN A GARAGE 5.- HAVEN’T BOUGHT THEIR TICKETS 6.- HAVE GIVEN THE KEYS TO MR. JORDAN 1.- ________________________________________________________________________ 2.- __________________________________________________________________ 3.- __________________________________________________________________ 4.- __________________________________________________________________ EJERCICIO 4 : ACOMPLETA CON LAS PALABRAS HAS, HAVE, O DID 1.- _________ YOU EVER SEEN STAR WARS ? 2.- YES, I ________ 3.- _________ YOU LIKE IT ? 4.- YES, I ______ 5.- ________ JOHN FINISHED HIS HOMEWORK YET ? 6.- NO HE, _______ NOT. HE IS STILL DOING IT. 7.- _______ HE GO TO CLASS YESTERDAY ? 8.- YES, HE _______ EJERCICIO 5.- USA LAS PALABRAS HAS Y HAVE, CON LAS 3 PALABRAS DE CADA SECCION EN EL TIEMPO CORRESPONDIENTE WRITE BREAK EAT 1.- ALLEN AND DIKEMBE _______ ________ ALL THE SANDWISHES (PARTICIPIO) 2.- HE ______ TO ______ TWO LETTERS THIS EVENING (PRESENTE) 3.- I ______ _______ THE PLATE ( PARTICIPIO) READ SPEND FIND 1.- JOHN _________ _______ THE MONEY HE LOST ( PASADO) 2.- THEY ______ ___________ 10,000 ALREADY (PARTICIPIO) 3.- ______ YOU _______ THIS BOOK? ( PRESENTE) WIN TAKE SEE 1.- I _____ _______ 5 TELEVISION PROGRAMS THIS WEEK (PARTICIPIO) 2.- SHE ______ _______ HER SON TO SCHOOL ( PARTICIPIO) 3.- THEY ______ ______ A MILLION IN THE LOTTERRY ( PASADO). EJERCICIO: IN PAST TENSE A) I ________ UP AT 7:00 AM B) SHE _________ LATE C) THEY _____ WORK D) THE TEAM ______ THE CHAMPIONCHIP E) GEORGE LUCKAS ______ THE SAGA OF STAR WARS F) MICHAEL JORDAN _______ TE GREATEST PLAYER IN NBA HISTORY G) THE STUDENT ______ HOMEWORK H) THE MOVIE _____ FUN I) THALIA ________ HER ALBUN LAST NIGHT J) I _______ MY LEG K) WE _______ THE FOOD L) ANTONIO AND MELANY ______ THEIR CLOTHES Before I ______ my room. Last week the weather ____ warm, and the people _____ to work, they _____ always noisy. ______ Mary gone to the mall?, yes she _______, she _______ (NEG) bought something. Fred and Tom _______ their house yesterday ?, Fred _____ has a good book Why ______ you and Martha gone to eat?, because we ______ the train, and I don’t want to be late. when I _______ at the party, they _______ dancing. I ____ . all night and _____ a lot of food . What _____ Jane doing at the party? The food and the music _______ problems, and all my friends there _____ tequila. They _____ to go to the supermarket, but I _____ In the morning and _______ some clothes When my parents ______ having a good time my sister ______ from the police station, she ____ an accident, so the party _____ over. The Lakers ______ 14 championships and the Celtics _______ 16 championships, The Bulls ______ won 7 championships, Review Of verbs 1.- Tom ________ every day. a) Shaves b) is shaving c) has to shaves 2.- _________ go to class every day. a) Are you b) Do you have c) Do you 3.- Yoko _________ to be here tomorrow. a) will b) may c) is going d) maybe 4.- Jack _______ be in class yesterday. A) didn’t b) can’t c) couldn’t d) may not 5.- Fatima _____ to her sister on the phone yesterday a) spoke b) can speak c) speaks 7.- IT’S TOO LATE A) I’ll be glad to help you do the dishes. B) Thank you, Aunt Louise, but They have already been done A) Can I set the table for you? B) That’s very nice of you, but ____________ already _____________ A) Do you want me to iron the clothes today? B) Thanks, Aunt Louise, But ___________ already ____________ A) I’ll be glad to make Grandpa’s doctor’s appointment. B) That’s very kind of you, but ____________ already ___________ 8.- Can we leave soon? A.- Can we leave soon? B.- I think so. The mail has been stopped , and the lights __________________________ A Great B) Wait a minutes! ______________ the house alarm ______________________ A.- No, it hasn’t But don’t worry about it. I’ll do it right away B.- And now that I think of it, ______________________ The garbage ________________ A.- I’m not sure. Why don’t I go and see? Coca-Cola Coca-Cola, the world’s most popular soft drink, was invented in 1886 by Dr. John Styth Pemberton in a back yard in Atlanta, Georgia. His partner, Frank M. Robinson, named THE DARK BROWN LIQUID Coca-cola because he thought the name would make effective advertising. Coca-Cola was first sold for 5 cents a glass at Jacob’s Pharmacy a local drugstore. After Pemberton’s death in 1888, his rights were purchased by Asa Candler who by 1891 had sold ownership of the formula for the sum of only $2,300. By 1895, Coca-Cola was available in every US STATE. Coca-Cola was originally distributed in syrup form and sold at soda fountain, in 1916 Coca-Cola first appeared in the world famous Coca-Cola contour bottle, still in use today. In 1919 the Candler family sold Coca-Cola Company to Atlanta banker Ernest Woodruff and a group of businessmen for $ 25 M. in 1923 his son Robert Winship Woodruff was elected President of the company. By the 1920’s Coca-Cola was available in Europe. In 1926 The Coca-Cola Export Corporation was set up.. And … in 1983, Coca-Cola was quite literally out of this world, when NASA took a specially designed Coca-Cola can into space. In 1999, The Coca-Cola Company brought the SCHWEPPES soft drink brands, adding more choice to consumers in 160 countries ( excluding USA, The European Union Countries, but including Britain, Ireland & Greece and Norway. Coca-Cola is now enjoyed in nearly 200 countries around the world. It is the most recognized trademark in the world and the second most widely understood phrase after OK! Coca-Cola – the world’s favorite soft drink! OUT OF THE BLUE Explicación del Modismo UNEXPECTED. Ejemplo del Modismo "A GREAT IDEA JUST CAME TO ME OUT OF THE BLUE." ROCK THE BOAT Explicación del Modismo CREATE PROBLEMS FOR OTHER PEOPLE. Ejemplo del Modismo "EVERYONE LIKES ANTONIO. HE DOESN'T ROCK THE BOAT." BY THE BOOK Explicación del Modismo DOING SOMETHING ACCORDING TO THE RULES. Ejemplo del Modismo "HE IS A GOOD COP. HE DOES EVERYTHING BY THE BOOK." OUT OF BOUNDS Explicación del Modismo NOT PERMITTED. Ejemplo del Modismo "HANS WANTED TO ASK MARY OUT ON A DATE BUT I EXPLAINED THAT SHE IS OUT OF BOUNDS. MARY IS ENGAGED TO JACK." BREAD AND BUTTER Explicación del Modismo REGULAR INCOME. Ejemplo del Modismo "WE ARE VERY DEPENDENT ON OUR ADVERTISING REVENUE. IT'S OUR BREAD AND BUTTER." THE BEST THING SINCE SLICED BREAD Explicación del Modismo A GOOD INVENTION OR INNOVATION. Ejemplo del Modismo "I LOVE THIS PAPER FOLDING MACHINE. IT'S THE BEST THING SINCE SLICED BREAD." THE BUCK STOPS HERE Explicación del Modismo PROBLEMS ARE RESOLVED HERE. Ejemplo del Modismo "A LOT OF PEOPLE TRY TO PASS PROBLEMS ON TO OTHER PEOPLE. AT MY DESK, HOWEVER, THE BUCK STOPS HERE." A CLOSE CALL Explicación del Modismo SOMETHING (USUALLY BAD) ALMOST HAPPENING. Ejemplo del Modismo e "THAT CAR ALMOST HIT US. THAT WAS A CLOSE CALL." A FAT CAT Explicación del Modismo A WEALTHY PERSON. Ejemplo del Modismo "FERNANDO HAS EVERYTHING HE NEEDS. HE’S A REAL FAT CAT." MY TWO CENT'S WORTH Explicación del Modismo MY HUMBLE OPINION. Ejemplo del Modismo "HE SEEMS LIKE A CORRUPT POLITICIAN. THAT'S JUST MY TWO CENT'S WORTH. A CHIP ON HIS SHOULDER Explicación del Modismo HE IS ANGRY ABOUT SOMETHING. Ejemplo del Modismo "I DON'T KNOW WHY HE IS SO UNHAPPY. HE SEEMS TO HAVE A CHIP ON HIS SHOULDER. SQUEAKY CLEAN Explicación del Modismo LEGITIMATE AND PROPER. Ejemplo del Modismo "WE CHECKED ALL OF HER REFERENCES. SHE IS SQUEAKY CLEAN." WAKE UP AND SMELL THE COFFEE Explicación del Modismo THINK MORE REALISTICALLY Ejemplo del Modismo "HE DOES NOT RESPECT YOU AS MUCH AS YOU THINK. WAKE UP AND SMELL THE COFFEE." A TOUGH COOKIE Explicación del Modismo A STUBBORN, STRONG PERSON. Ejemplo del Modismo "DON'T GET SHIRLEY UPSET. SHE IS A TOUGH COOKIE." IN A TIGHT CORNER Explicación del Modismo WITHOUT ANY GOOD OPTIONS. Ejemplo del Modismo "MILO HAS RUN OUT OF OPTIONS. IF HE TAKES ANY MORE CHANCE, HE MIGHT FIND HIMSELF IN A TIGHT CORNER." A COUCH POTATO Explicación del Modismo A LAZY PERSON. Ejemplo del Modismo "LUIS FERNANDO JUST WATCHES TELEVISION ALL DAY. HE IS REALLY A COUCH POTATO. CAN'T CUT IT Explicación del Modismo CANNOT DO IT. Ejemplo del Modismo "KIM SHOULDN'T BE WORKING HERE. HE JUST CAN'T CUT IT." Superman Superman, the superhero the most celebrate by the comics American. it being Inspired in a novel of Philip Wylie. Title The Gladiator, published in 1930's, the scenographer Jerry Siegel and the drawing Joe Shuster invented Superman that saw the light in 1938 in the first number of the magazine Action Comics. The last survivor of the Krypton planet, possesses powers outside of what is common, that uses to combat to the most feared criminals and especially to Lex Luthor, cruel entrepreneur and without scruples. What is only that it fears is the kryptonite, a green mineral with extraordinary properties originating from his natal planet. When he is not fighting, Superman is becomes Clark Kent, the shyest journalist of the Daily Planet and eternal love to his partner , the intrepid and ambitious Lois Lane. Legendary figure, Superman it has been the protagonist hero of several movies (Christopher Reeve interpreted this role in four films rolled between 1978 and 1987), comics and series for television. Numerous authors have resuscitated to this personage purportedly expired in November of 1992, but that, as the phoenix fowl, always resuscitates. Batman Batman, personage created by the draftsman of comics Bob Kane and Bill Finger in 1939. According to the statement devised by both, Batman it is a superhero that struggle against the crime hidden by a suit that recalls the image of a bat. The first tale for Batman was published in the number 27 of the American magazine Detective Comics, principal head-board of the editorial DC. To create the personality of the hero, Kane and Finger were inspired in personages of the feuilleton, as the Fox and the Shade. The same as both figures, Batman has a double personality: in the daily life is the millionaire Bruce Wayne, converted into just masked when the situation requires it. Bob Kane created new personages that participated in the adventures of Batman. in 1940s appeared Robin, the teenager and Joker, the villain with clown aspect that sows the terror in Gotham City, the metropolis where is developed the action. two titles that obtained huge success in the decade of 1980: The return of the sir of the night (The Dark Knight Returns, 1986), of Frank Miller; and The murderess joke (The Killing Joke, 1988), of Alan Moore and Dave Gibbons. That new image of the Batman, much more left and complex, it was the one which little after arrived to the cinema, through movies as Batman (1989) Batman returns 1992), both directed by Tim Burton. Then came The Batman forever. and Batman four verbos compuestos ADD UP ANSWER BACK ASK ABOUT ASK FOR ASK BACK ASK IN ASK UP BACK AWAY BACK UP BE AWAY BE FOR BE OFF BE OUT BE UP BEND OVER BLOW DOWN BLOW OUT BREAK AWAY BREAK IN BREAK UP BRING BACK BRING ALONG BRING IN BRING UP BURN AWAY BURN OUT BUY FOR BUY UP CALL AT CALL BACK CALL IN CALL OUT CALL UP CARRY ALONG CARRY ON CLEAR AWAY CLEAR OUT CLOSE DOWN COME ABOUT COME ALONG COME AWAY COME FOR COME IN COME ON COME TO COME UP TO COUNT ON COUNT UP TO CRY OUT CRY TO CUT IN CUT OUT CUT UP DIE AWAY DIE OUT DO WITHOUT DRAW BACK DRAW IN DRAW ON DRAW UP DRIVE BACK DRIVE IN DRIVE OFF EAT AWAY EAT UP FALL DOWN FALL OVER FIGHT ON FILL IN FIND OUT FLY ABOUT FLY AWAY FLY OFF GET ABOUT GET AT GET BACK GET TO GET OUT (OF) GET ON GET OVER GET UP GIVE BACK GIVE OUT GO ABOUT GO AT GO BY GO IN / INTO GO ON GO OVER GO UP GO ACROSS HANG ABOUT HANG BEHIND HANG OFF HOLD BACK HOLD OUT HURRY AWAY HURRY UP JUMP ABOUT JUMP DOWN JUMP ON KEEP AWAY KEEP DOWN KEEP UP KNOCK AT KNOCK OUT LOOK AFTER LOOK BEHIND LOOK FOR LOOK IN LOOK OUT LOOK ROUND MOVE AWAY MOVE DOWN MOVE OFF MOVE OUT PASS AWAY PASS IN PAY FOR PAY OFF POINT AT POINT TO POINT OUT PULL AWAY PULL OFF PULL UP PUT BACK PUT IN PUT ON PUT UP RUN ABOUT RUN DOWN RUN OFF RUN OVER SEE ABOUT SEE TO SEND DOWN SEND OFF SEND UP SET DOWN SHUT IN SIT DOWN SIT FOR SPEAK TO STAND BY STAND OUT STAY AT STAY IN STEP ACROSS STEP IN STEP UP STOP BY STOP UP TAKE DOWN TAKE IN TAKE OUT TAKE UP TALK OF TEAR AWAY TEAR UP THROW BACK THROW IN THROW OUT TRY ON TURN BACK TURN OFF TURN OUT TURN INTO WALK ABOUT WALK AWAY WALK IN WALK UP WORK UNDER ADD UP TO ANSWER FOR ASK AFTER ASK UP TO ASK DOWN ASK OUT BACK OUT BE ABOUT BE BACK BE IN BE ON BE OVER BEND DOWN BLOW AWAY BLOW OFF BLOW UP BREAK DOWN BREAK OFF BREAK OUT BRING ABOUT BRING DOWN BRING OUT BRUSH OFF BURN DOWN BURN UP BUY OVER CALL AWAY CALL FOR CALL ON CALL OVER CALL DOWN CARRY OFF CARRY OUT CLEAR OFF CLEAR UP CLOSE UP COME ACROSS COME AT COME DOWN COME FROM COME OFF COME OUT COME UP COUNT IN COUNT UP CRY FOR CRY OVER CUT DOWN CUT OFF CUT THROUGH DIE DOWN DO UP DRAW AWAY DRAW DOWN DRAW OFF DRAW OUT DRIVE AWAY DRIVE BY DRIVE OUT EAT INTO FALL OFF FIGHT OFF FIGHT UP FILL UP FIX UP FLY AT FLY DOWN GET ALONG GET AWAY GET DOWN GET IN / INTO GET OFF GET OUT GET THROUGH GIVE AWAY GIVE OFF GIVE UP GO ALONG GO AWAY GO DOWN GO OFF GO OUT GO THROUGH GO UP TO GO WITHOUT HANG BACK HANG FROM HANG UP HOLD ON HURRY ALONG HURRY OFF JUMP AT JUMP IN JUMP OVER KEEP BACK KEEP OFF KNOCK ABOUT KNOCK DOWN LOOK AT LOOK DOWN LOOK FORWARD TO LOOK LIKE LOOK OVER LOOK UP MOVE ALONG MOVE IN MOVE ON MOVE UP PASS BY PASS ON PAY IN PAY UP POINT AWAY POINT DOWN POINT UP PULL DOWN PULL OUT PUT AWAY PUT DOWN PUT OFF PUT OUT PUT UP WITH RUN ACROSS RUN IN RUN OUT RUN UP SEE OFF SEND ALONG SEND FOR SEND ROUND SET ABOUT SET OFF SHUT UP SIT UP SPEAK FOR SPEAK UP STAND OFF STAND UP STAY BY STAY OUT STEP DOWN STEP OUT STEP UP TO STOP IN TAKE FOR TAKE OFF TAKE TO TALK ABOUT TALK TO TEAR OFF THROW AWAY THROW DOWN THROW OFF THROW UP TURN AWAY TURN DOWN TURN ON TURN OVER TURN UP WALK ALONG WALK DOWN WALK OFF WORK OUT WRITE DOWN THE 2001 10 Most Successful trademarks of the world. In a recent study by ACNIELSEN shows that only 43 trademarks in the world, achieve sales that goes over the billion dollars every year. So we give you the 10 most important on the market. Number 1 Coca-Cola: In Mexico is one of the countries that drinks more Coca-Cola, about 160 liters each person. Only in Mexico Coca-Cola delivers every day 2 million cases, here in Mexico Coca-cola sells 15 billion Dollars, the second and third are Fanta And Sprite both from The Coca-Cola Company And generally when you think about a cold soft drink, you think about Coca-cola, o when you are eating you think Coca-Cola, instead of other soft drinks. Number 2. Marlboro: Sales 15 billions dollars around the world, in 2001, more that 50% smokers are women, they also produce L&M cigarettes, the company that is going up is Camel, and that’s means war, but smoke can also produce cancer so be careful, that means brain cancer and lung cancer, but in recently a group of people has put a law suit for 300 billion dollars, and well they lost, now they have to put in the box, that smoking produces cancer. Number 3. L’Oreal: hair color, in 1907 Eugene Shueller a French inventor, and now the company has more like Feria, casting and preference e imedia, it sells about 1 billion to 1.5 billion dollars a year in Mexico, and they sell about 100 products each second around the world Number 4 Budweiser beer: it’s from E. Anheuser Bush & Company., this beer arrives in Mexico in 1989, but it was selling in the U.S. since 1936, before that it was a chocolate drink. So it sells about 3 or 5 billion dollars in the world. The company produces more that 100 millions of hard cases. It sells in 70 countries Number 5 Colgate. Tooth paste: it arrives in Mexico in the 1920’s but it was selling since 1813, it sells about 1.5 and 2 billions dollars a year. It has a different choices that you can buy at a store. In Mexico it’s a custom. Number 6 Nescafe. By Nestle, when it started it there were only 2 kinds, regular and decaf, now there are more, like, dolca, cappuccino and Moccachio. It sells about 2 or 3 billions dollars a year in the world and it has 70 years in the market. Number 7 Doritos, from FRITO-LAYS in the USA and in Mexico From Sabritas. But sabritas is own by Pepsi company since, 1966 in Mexico, but in the USA they are different owners., now in Mexico Pepsi Co. owns Fritos and Sabritones, but in the USA lays has many different types of potato chips. It sells about 1.5 billion dollars a year. Number 8 KODAK.- it started in Mexico in 1922 and it was the only one of its kind for a quarter of a century. It has the 85% of production in the world, it sells about 1.5 billion dollars a year. It was funded by George Eastman in 1888 Number 9 PAMPERS.- in the 1940’s was the time when some babies started to use Disposable Diapers, leaving the old one, the Swedish children were the first to use this diapers, in the 50’s the diapers were only paper. Then 60’s Vic Mills employee of P & G . Made the design and created Pampers, it was introduce in 1961 to USA, but it didn’t have tape, in the 70’s there was tape, and in the 80’s there was stretch,. It sells about 5 billion dollars a year world wide. Number 10.- KRAF FOODS.- it sells about 1 billion dollars a year, that’s because the product that sells more its Philadelphia cream cheese. Because it was the first one to do it. and the others sell but not as much as the cream cheese. The 10 most important Companies. 1.- Coca-Cola 68, 900 million in a month 2.- Microsoft 65,100 3.- IBM 52,800 4.- General Electric 42,400 5.- Nokia 35,000 6.- Intel 34,700 7.- Disney 32,600 8.- Ford 30,100 9.- McDonald’s 25,300 10.- AT&T 22,800 THE 2006 Most Successful trademarks of the world. 1 Coca-Cola US 2 Microsoft US 3 IBM US 4 GE US 5 Intel US 6 Nokia Finland 7 Toyota Japan 8 Disney US 9 McDonald’s US 10 Mercedes Germany 11 Citi US 12 Marlboro US 13 Hewlett-Packard US 14 American Express US 15 BMW Germany 16 Gillette US 17 Louis Vuitton France 18 Cisco US 19 Honda Japan 20 Samsung R O K 1. Where are you going next weekend? Sure, I'll get it. I'm not sure. I think we'll probably stay at home. Yes. I think I'll go to bed. I'll have a quiet word in his ear. 2. What time will you be back at the office? a) If they catch the early flight, they'll be here by lunchtime. b) I think I'll be back by 3.00 at the latest. c) Yes. I think I'll go to bed. d) Sure, I'll get it. 3. Where do you think we'll do best with this new product? a) I imagine we'll have a lot of success with this in Germany. b) Sure, I'll get it. c) Yes. I think I'll go to bed. d) I'll have a quiet word in his ear. 4. My car's broken down. Can you help? a) If they catch the early flight, they'll be here by lunchtime. b) Sure. I'll give you a lift. c) Yes. I think I'll go to bed. d) I'll have a quiet word in his ear. 5. Do you know if you've got the job? a) Sure. I'll give you a lift. b) I'll possibly find out later today. c) If they catch the early flight, they'll be here by lunchtime. d) I think I'll be back by 3.00 at the latest. 6. Could somebody answer the phone? a) Sure. I'll give you a lift. b) If they catch the early flight, they'll be here by lunchtime. c) Yes. I think I'll go to bed. d) Sure, I'll get it. 7. Why are you building that baseball pitch, Kevin? a) A voice told me, "If you build it, they will come." b) If they catch the early flight, they'll be here by lunchtime. c) Yes. I think I'll go to bed. d) I'll have a quiet word in his ear. 8. What time will they arrive? a) Yes. I think I'll go to bed. b) If they catch the early flight, they'll be here by lunchtime. c) I'll possibly find out later today. d) I'll have a quiet word in his ear. 9. You look shattered. a) Sure. I'll give you a lift. b) Yes. I think I'll go to bed. c) I'll possibly find out later today. d) I'll have a quiet word in his ear. 10. I'm not happy with the work Michael has been producing. a) Sure. I'll give you a lift. b) I think I'll be back by 3.00 at the latest. c) I'll possibly find out later today. d) I'll have a quiet word in his ear. 1. If I get this new job, a) she won't be very happy. b) I'll buy you some champagne. c) we'll ask him what he thinks. d) they won't be very happy. 2. If England win the World Cup, a) I'll take the rest of the week off. b) they won't be very happy. c) I'll be very surprised. d) I won't go either. 3. If Tony Blair continues the way he has started, a) she won't be very happy. b) they won't be very happy. c) we'll ask him what he thinks. d) he'll be one of the best ever Prime Ministers. 4. If the Euro does as well as expected, a) she won't be very happy. b) we'll make a lot of money. c) I'll take the rest of the week off. d) we'll ask him what he thinks. 5. When our shareholders see how badly we have done, a) we'll ask him what he thinks. b) they won't be very happy. c) she won't be very happy. d) I won't go either. 6. When the boss gets back from holiday, a) we'll ask him what he thinks. b) I won't go either. c) I'll take the rest of the week off. d) we'll make a lot of money. 7. When the boss finds out about this, a) we'll make a lot of money. b) I won't go either. c) I'll take the rest of the week off. d) she won't be very happy. 8. When I finish work tonight, a) I'll probably go and have a drink. b) I won't go either. c) I'll take the rest of the week off. d) we'll make a lot of money. 9. If you are definitely not going to the seminar, a) I won't go either. b) I'll be very surprised. c) I'll take the rest of the week off. d) we'll make a lot of money. 10. If you think it's not a problem, a) I'll buy you some champagne. b) I'll be very surprised. c) I'll take the rest of the week off. d) we'll make a lot of money. 2 When are you leaving? I'm not setting off for another hour or so. No I'm coming on the last plane tonight and then staying in the airport hotel. No, I've hurt my back. I'm looking after the kids and letting my wife play instead. I'm afraid so. Three people have taken appointments for Saturday. But I'm finishing early, at 11.00. I'm sorry I can't. I'm having dinner with Joan and Allison. 3 I'd like to place an order, please. Next Tuesday at 10.00. I'm sorry. We don't open for business until 9.00. Can you phone back then? Well the train arrives at 13.45 and then it will take about 20 minutes by taxi. The match starts at 8.00. I hope Manchester United win! Friday. If you're too tired to think, go to bed. 4 What time will you be there? It leaves at 5.00 in the morning so you'd better get up early! I'm sorry. We don't open for business until 9.00. Can you phone back then? Well the train arrives at 13.45 and then it will take about 20 minutes by taxi. I'm afraid so. Three people have taken appointments for Saturday. But I'm finishing early, at 11.00. Yes, I'm taking them in less than a month and I still haven't done any work. 5 Are you worried about your exams? I'm not setting off for another hour or so. No I'm coming on the last plane tonight and then staying in the airport hotel. No, I've hurt my back. I'm looking after the kids and letting my wife play instead. Yes, I'm going to Barbados for two weeks. Yes, I'm taking them in less than a month and I still haven't done any work. 6 What's this about your getting engaged? Not yet but I've got tickets. We're going on Tuesday. Yes it's true. I'm getting married in July. It takes 30 minutes by taxi and 45 minutes by bus. He's on a trip and he doesn't get back until next week. Friday. If you're too tired to think, go to bed. 7 What time is kick-off? It leaves at 5.00 in the morning so you'd better get up early! Yes it's true. I'm getting married in July. Well the train arrives at 13.45 and then it will take about 20 minutes by taxi. The match starts at 8.00. I hope Manchester United win! Yes, I'm taking them in less than a month and I still haven't done any work. 8 Are you working on Saturday? I'm not setting off for another hour or so. No I'm coming on the last plane tonight and then staying in the airport hotel. We're going for a coffee. Would you like to come? I'm afraid so. Three people have taken appointments for Saturday. But I'm finishing early, at 11.00. Four days. I'm leaving on Friday. 9 Are you catching the early flight tomorrow? I'm not setting off for another hour or so. No I'm coming on the last plane tonight and then staying in the airport hotel. We're going for a coffee. Would you like to come? I'm afraid so. Three people have taken appointments for Saturday. But I'm finishing early, at 11.00. Four days. I'm leaving on Friday. 10 How long is it from the airport to the centre of town? Next Tuesday at 10.00. It doesn't start until quite late. 9.30 I think. It takes 30 minutes by taxi and 45 minutes by bus. The match starts at 8.00. I hope Manchester United win! Friday. If you're too tired to think, go to bed. 11 What day is it tomorrow? It leaves at 5.00 in the morning so you'd better get up early! It doesn't start until quite late. 9.30 I think. Well the train arrives at 13.45 and then it will take about 20 minutes by taxi. The match starts at 8.00. I hope Manchester United win! Friday. If you're too tired to think, go to bed. 12 When does the Trade Fair open? Next Tuesday at 10.00. Yes it's true. I'm getting married in July. Well the train arrives at 13.45 and then it will take about 20 minutes by taxi. The match starts at 8.00. I hope Manchester United win! Yes, I'm taking them in less than a month and I still haven't done any work. 13 What time does the film begin? It leaves at 5.00 in the morning so you'd better get up early! It doesn't start until quite late. 9.30 I think. No, I've hurt my back. I'm looking after the kids and letting my wife play instead. Yes, I'm going to Barbados for two weeks. Yes, I'm taking them in less than a month and I still haven't done any work. 14 Is Bob there? Next Tuesday at 10.00. It doesn't start until quite late. 9.30 I think. It takes 30 minutes by taxi and 45 minutes by bus. He's on a trip and he doesn't get back until next week. Friday. If you're too tired to think, go to bed. 15 Have you seen the new play at the Criterion theatre? Not yet but I've got tickets. We're going on Tuesday. I'm sorry. We don't open for business until 9.00. Can you phone back then? It takes 30 minutes by taxi and 45 minutes by bus. He's on a trip and he doesn't get back until next week. I'm sorry I can't. I'm having dinner with Joan and Allison. 16 How long are you staying for? Not yet but I've got tickets. We're going on Tuesday. Yes, I'm taking them in less than a month and I still haven't done any work. We're going for a coffee. Would you like to come? I'm afraid so. Three people have taken appointments for Saturday. But I'm finishing early, at 11.00. Four days. I'm leaving on Friday. 17 What time does the bus leave? It leaves at 5.00 in the morning so you'd better get up early! Yes it's true. I'm getting married in July. No, I've hurt my back. I'm looking after the kids and letting my wife play instead. Yes, I'm going to Barbados for two weeks. Four days. I'm leaving on Friday. 18 Are you playing tennis on Saturday? Not yet but I've got tickets. We're going on Tuesday. No I'm coming on the last plane tonight and then staying in the airport hotel. No, I've hurt my back. I'm looking after the kids and letting my wife play instead. Yes, I'm going to Barbados for two weeks. Four days. I'm leaving on Friday. 19 Would you like to come to dinner this evening? Next Tuesday at 10.00. I'm sorry. We don't open for business until 9.00. Can you phone back then? It takes 30 minutes by taxi and 45 minutes by bus. He's on a trip and he doesn't get back until next week. I'm sorry I can't. I'm having dinner with Joan and Allison. 20 So you're off on holiday next week? I'm not setting off for another hour or so. Yes, I'm taking them in less than a month and I still haven't done any work. We're going for a coffee. Would you like to come? Yes, I'm going to Barbados for two weeks. I'm sorry I can't. I'm having dinner with Joan and Allison. The hamburger, introduced by Germans at the world’s Fair in St. Louis, Missouri in 1904, Is named for the port of Hamburg in Germany. The name “Hamburger” comes from this German town, not the ingredients. A Hamburger is “ beef in a bun “ – there isn’t any ham in it. Today, the hamburger is the most popular fast food in the world and twelve thousand people order one in the United States every minute! You can have a lots of different styles of hamburgers or you can order other things in a bun. Next time, try a fish burger, a chicken burger or even a veggie burger. He was all ears when his boss talked. He is a chip off the old block. He is thick in the head. The bank robbers were armed to the teeth. His comments threw a wet blanket on the discussion. They were beat after three days of hard work. Jack was hard up to pay his rent. The storm left them all in the same boat. The house fire meant we had to start from scratch. You did it. You have to face the music. 2. Yes. You hit the nail on the head. 3. You two don't see eye to eye. 4 You have to learn it by heart. 5. You are an old hand at teaching. 6. That's great! You keep everything under your thumb. 7. You don't want to stick your neck out, do you? You have to memorize it.____ b. You're experienced.___ c. You have control of the situation.___ d. You don't want to take the risk.____ e. You have to accept the consequences of you actions.____ f. You don't agree with each other.____ g. You're absolutely right.____ I'm all thumbs today! I tripped and fell, and I broke my favorite coffee cup. a) I have 10 thumbs on my hand. b) I am uncoordinated and clumsy today. c) I fell on my thumbs and broke them. 2. I talked to my sister heart-to-heart and told her how I felt about my boyfriend. a) I spoke to my sister very honestly about my feelings. b) I talked to my boyfriend about my sister. c) I spoke to my sister about my heart. 3. Wendy: How did you finish your work so quickly? Henry: I had a head start. a) Henry's head started to work. b) Wendy is slow and lazy. c) Henry started before Wendy. 4. Mother: You're late! Did it ever cross your mind to pick up a phone and call me?! Daughter: I'm sorry, I was busy and I just couldn't call. Mother: Well, OK, but I was really worried about you! Daughter: I'm really sorry, next time I'll call if I'm going to be late. a) Did you forget me? b) Did you think of calling me? c) Didn't you call me? 5. I was supposed to give a speech to my English class, but I got cold feet and I didn't go. a)I got too nervous, and I didn't go. b) My English class makes my feet feel too cold. c) My feet got cold, so I didn't go. 6. Steve: How was the first day on your new job? Henry: It was terrible! I hit my new manager's car in the parking lot, so I got off on the wrong foot. What an awful way to start the day! a) I drove over my new manager's foot. B) My day started badly. c) I lost my new job today. 7. Shawn: Hey! I have some great news! Kate: I'm all ears.... a) Tell me - I'm listening! b) My ears are ready. c) I have an earache. 8. I've already finished my project. Get off my back now! a) My work is done now, so I can go home. b) Leave me alone and stop telling me to do my project! c) My back hurts, so I want to finish my work. 9. I just remembered! I need to pick up some milk at the store. a) I'm all ears. b) It just crossed my mind. c) I had a head start. 10.- She always like to think things through very carefully. She likes to ........ . a. chicken and egg b. chicken c. chew things over d. call his bluff e. call it quits 11.- We need a loan to start the company and we need a company to get the loan. It's a ........ situation. a. calls the shots b. chew things over c. chicken d. call his bluff e. chicken and egg 12.- We wanted to expand into Asia but we were a bit frightened. We were soon sorry for being so ...... a. chicken and egg b. chicken c. calls the shots d. chew things over e. call it quits 1. Mr. Yang's trip will ____ him away from the office for ten days. A. withdraw B continue C retain D keep 2. The company that Marie DuBois started now sells ____ products throughout the world. A. its B it C theirs D them 3. If your shipment is not delivered ____ Tuesday, you can request a full refund for the merchandise. A. at B by C within D while 4. The hotel breakfast ____ fresh fruit juice and a choice of pastries A. includes B to incluye C including 5. We regret to announce the ____ of the training session scheduled for April 21. A. denial B incapability C postponement D dismissal SINCE OR FOR Since ( desde cuando) For ( por cuanto) 1. Which is correct? a) for a long period b) since a long period 2. Which is correct? a) for 6 years b) since 6 years 3. Which is correct? a) for 1992 b) since 1992 4. Which is correct? a) for 6 weeks b) since 6 weeks 5. Which is correct? a) for 8 months b) since 8 months 6. Which is correct? a) for 10 minutes b) since 10 minutes 7. Which is correct? a) for a long time b) since a long time 8. Which is correct? a) for ages b) since ages 9. Which is correct? a) for March 18 b) since March 18 10. Which is correct? a) for the end of last year b) since the end of last year 11. Which is correct? a) for I joined the firm b) since I joined the firm 12. Which is correct? a) for 10 hours b) since 10 hours 13. Which is correct? a) for 10 o' clock b) since 10 o'clock 14. Which is correct? a) for the beginning of the year b) since the beginning of the year 15. Which is correct? a) for a six month period b) since a six month period 1. I've worked here .......... I left Harvard Business School. a) for b) since c) over d) while 2. You should visit the Empire State building .......... you are in New York. a) for b) over c) during d) while 3. I looked at what you suggested .......... I was having lunch. a) for b) since c) during d) while 4. We usually have a lot of staff illness .......... the winter period. a) for b) since c) over d) while 5. Could you hold on a few minutes .......... I check this with my boss? a) for b) since c) during d) while 6. It's all been going much better .......... we reorganised the department. a) for b) since c) over d) while 7. They'll be stuck in customs awaiting clearance .......... at least three weeks. a) for b) since c) during d) while 8. It's gone much better .......... John was sacked. a) for b) since c) during d) while 9. We hope you will stay with us .......... a long time. a) for b) since c) during d) while 10. I've worked here .......... 10 years. a) for b) since c) over d) while This fruit is red: PLAPES This fruit is very big: RANTEWLMEO This fruit is popular at Halloween: KPNUMIP This fruit has the name of its color: GAEORN These are yellow and very sour: OLSENM Monkeys love these: AAABNNS This fruit comes from Australia: IKWI These are orange, and a little bit hairy: EESCHAP 1.- Who is the only sponsor for the Olympics? a) Nike b) Reebok c) Coca-cola d) Budweiser e) Ford 2.- Who is the Mythological Father of the Olympics? a) Zeus b) Hercules c) Plato d) Era e) Mount Oyimpus 3.- In 1914 one company created the first automatic transmission, what company was it? a) Nissan b) Ford c) Chevrolet d) Honda e) Mercedes f) Rolls Royce 4.- In what year was the official creation of PEMEX? a) 1938 b) 1965 c) 1980 d) 1950 e) 1930 f) 1920 g) 1925 h) 1935 5.- Mexico sent soldiers to war in world war II, What was the name of the squadron ? a) 501 b) 201 c) 301 d) 401 e) 601 6.- what does it mean? K.K.K. _______________________________ 7.- write the meanings of these? 8.- F.B.I. _____________________________________________________ 9.- C.I:A. _____________________________________________________ 10.- A.F.I.______________________________________________________ 11.- D.E.A. ____________________________________________________ 12.- L.A.P.D. __________________________________________________ 13.- which is the capital of Canada? a) Toronto b) Quebec c) Ottawa d) Montreal 14.- What does WWW mean? ____________________________________ 15.- What’s the name of the last aircraft carrier in the U.S.A.? a) Bill Clinton b) Gorge Bush c) Ronald Reagan d) George W. Bush e) Bill Gates 16.- In what year did Ford Motor Company made the first Mustang ? a) 1961 b) 1960 c) 1962 d) 1963 e) 1964 f) 1978 g) 1980 h) 1975 I) 1971 17.- Who is the only actor who in his house has 2 airplanes parked ready to take of, and he has his own little airport? a) Tom Cruse b) John Travolta c) Brad Pitt d) Mel Gibson e) will smith 18.- What’s the name of the new airplane, that has 3 floors , a hotel, a casino, stores and a swimming pool? “note “ ITT CANNON OF MEXICO IN NOGALES MAKES PARTS POR THAT PLANE a) air bus A380 b) Super Air plane A380 c) Flying pleasure A380 d) Air Hotel A380 19.- Who are considered the inventors of the horoscope? a) China b) Japan c) Germany d) Mesopotamia e) Egypt f) Russia g) Irak 20.- What happened on 9-11-‘01 ? _____________________________________________________________ 21.- Which is the State Capital of California U.S.A. ________? a) Oackland b) San Diego c) Los Ángeles d) San Francisco e) Sacramento 22.- Whose face appears on the one dollar bill ? a) B. Franklin b) T. Jefferson c) A. Lincoln d) G. Washington e) A. Jackson 24.- Which is the capital of Arizona ? a) finix b) fenix c) phonix d) phoenix e) phoeneix 25.- What’s the name of the Lincoln’s Memorial ? _________________________________________________________________ 26.- What happened on 8-14-2003 __________________________________________________________________ 27.- What are the 3 powers of the government in Mexico ? a) Judicial – Congresal – Legislativo b) Ejecutivo – Congresal - Militar c) Ejecutivo – Legislativo – Judicial d) Ejecutivo – Congresal - gubernamental 28.- Which is the capital of England ? a) Britain b) London c) Backiham d) New England 29.- Who won the civil war in USA? a) The north b) the South c) The blue d) the gray 30.- How many states does the U.S.A. have? a) 48 b) 51 c) 60 d) 49 e) 50 31.- which is the plural for Happy? a) happys b) happies c) happy d) happiest e) happier 32.- So a boy and his father, were in a car on the highway, they had and accident; a long came two ambulances and pick them up, but one took the father and the other took the son, to different hospitals. Because the boy was more injured they took him to the operating room, when the Dr. saw him; the Dr. said I can’t operate on the boy, the nurse asks why, so The Dr. answered his my son. How is this possible ? ____________________________________________________ 33.- what’s bigger than god, more evil than the devil, the rich want it, the poor have it, and if you eat it you will die. What is it? _____________________________________________________________ 34.- before Hermosillo was the state capital of Sonora, there was one little town named the state capital that only lasted 2 days before Hermosillo, what town was it? _______________________________________________ editor editorial advertising editorial article effective reach exhibitors' area feedback follow-on campaign subheading subliminal advertising subscriber subtitle support campaign supporting promotion tabloid follow-up campaign frame gag gatefold graphic designer graphics headline high circulation high-circulation weekly magazine house agency house magazine household panel image informative advertising insertion - advertisement inside cover in-store demo in-store promotion jingle key-account manager large print run layout leaflet (GB) - folder (US) leit motiv lettering local advertising magazine circulation mail advertising tailor-made promotion target group tax on advertising technical magazine television audience measurement (TAM) test campaign testimonial throwaway - flier tied-in advertising tied-in campaign total ratings trade journal trade magazine transfer (GB) - decal (US) transport advertising TV network TV spot - commercial visual visual appeal visual proposal visualize visualizer window bill window display window streamer window-dresser zapping advertisement - ad market coverage advertiser advertising - publicity advertising agency advertising agent advertising budget advertising campaign advertising columns advertising consultant advertising dealer advertising effectiveness advertising expenses advertising in the yellow pages advertising man - adman advertising manager advertising media advertising planner advertising poster (GB) - advertising board (US) advertising rate advertising support advertising to sales ratio announcement - press release art director audience audience composition average audience average circulation billboards (GB) - hoardings (US) billsticking - billposting bleed page blow-up body copy - copy booklet brand image broadcasting mass advertising mass communication mass media - media media buyer media buying media buying agency media department media planner media planning media strategy merchandising misprint mural advertising neon sign news agency newsletter number of copies opinion leaders opinion maker opinion poll order card outdoor sign pay-off peak time periodic pocket edition point of purchase advertising (POPA) point of sale material popularity rating - audience poster (GB) - board (US) posting press agent press cutting - clippings press office F B I Today, the FBI is part of a vast national and international campaign dedicated to defeating terrorism. Working hand-in-hand with partners in law enforcement, intelligence, the military, and diplomatic circles, our job is to neutralize terrorist cells and operatives here in the U.S. and to help dismantle terrorist networks worldwide. The FBI is uniquely situated to achieve this counter-terrorism mission. We have both domestic intelligence and law enforcement capabilities. This gives the FBI a full range of options when we pursue investigations, enabling us not only to detect terrorist threats through surveillance, source development, and careful analysis, but to act against those threats through arrest and incarceration. At the same time, the FBI can mobilize quickly and comprehensively to prevent attacks -- thanks to a worldwide network of dedicated Special Agents and their long-standing relationship with federal, state, local, and international partners. The FBI also has nearly a century of experience of working within the boundaries of the Constitution, protecting civil liberties. The FBI, in conjunction with its law enforcement and intelligence community partners, is making a difference. Since September 11, 2001, more than 3,000 Al-Qa'ida leaders and foot soldiers have been taken into custody around the globe; nearly 200 suspected terrorist associates have been charged with crimes in the U.S.; and as many as a hundred terrorist attacks or plots have been broken up worldwide. The FBI is committed to preventing acts of terror and to protecting the security of the American people. FRANQUICIA. Definición.- Existirá Franquicia cuando una persona Titular de una marca y nombre Comercial llamada franquiciante permite a terceros llamados Franquiciatarios, que usen sus marcas y sus nombres comerciales, siempre y cuando actúen en concepto de dueños de la marca, de tal manera que brinden al público los servicios con la misma impresión, calidad e imagen usada por el dueño original de la marca, el franquiciente recibe una contraprestación a cambio llamada regalías. Las franquicias mas conocidas son: McDONALDS, KFC ( KENTUCKY FRIED CHICKEN ), DOMINOS PIZZA, BLOCKBUSTER VIDEO, BURGUER KING ETC La Franquicia más que todo es la transmisión de los conocimientos técnicos y tecnológicos de una negociación mercantil, que incluye el uso del nombre comercial, la marca, así como los secretos de fabricación el KNOW HOW, y la asistencia técnica a cambio de una regalía. SECRETOS INDUSTRIALES.- secreto industrial es toda información de aplicación industrial que guarde una persona con carácter confidencial que le implique obtener una ventaja competitiva o económica. La transmisión de las patentes o registros de los derechos de explotación de las invenciones, modelos de utilidad y diseños industriales podrán realizarse de acuerdo a las formas de transmisión que establece el derecho común, pero de cualquier manera para que surtan sus efectos en perjuicio de terceros deberán de inscribirse en el IMPI. También el titular de las patentes y registros podrán conceder licencias para que terceras personas usen y exploten dichos derechos mismos que tengan que inscribirse ante la Secretaria para que pueda producir perjuicio a terceros. INVENSION.- es toda creación humana que permita transformar la materia o la energía que existe en la naturaleza para qué el ser humano lo aproveche satisfaciendo una necesidad inmediata que tenga. COMPORTAMIENTO HUMANO. También es posible reunir información sobre el comportamiento humano como sensibilidad, comunicación, toma de decisiones y escritura. En este punto se incluye información referente a las exigencias personales del puesto en términos de gasto de energía, caminar largas distancias y otros. MÁQUINAS, HERRAMIENTAS, EQUIPO Y AUXILIARES UTILIZADOS AL TRABAJO. Aquí se incluye la información sobre los productos fabricados, los materiales procesados, el conocimiento que se maneja o se aplica y los servicios proporcionados. CRITERIOS DE DESEMPEÑO. También se reúne información con respecto a los criterios desempeño por medio los cuales se valoran al empleado de ese puesto de. CONTEXTO DEL PUESTO. Este Comprende la información referente a cuestiones como condiciones físicas y horario de trabajo y el contexto social y organización, por ejemplo, la gente con la que el empleado deberá interactuar habitualmente. También puede reunirse aquí información sobre los incentivos financieros y no financieros vinculados con el empleo. REQUERIMIENTOS HUMANOS. Finalmente, es usual reunir información con respecto a los requerimientos humanos del puesto tales como los conocimientos o las habilidades con los que se relaciona (educación, capacitación experiencia laboral), así como los atributos personales (aptitudes, características físicas, personalidad, intereses) que se requieren. NECESIDAD LEGAL, SOCIAL DE EFICIENCIA Y ADIESTRAMIENTO Información generada por el análisis de puestos de diversas actividades interrelacionadas de la administración de personal de: Reclutamiento y selección En análisis de puesto proporciona información sobre puesto y los requerimientos humanos necesarios para desempeñar esas actividades. Esta descripción del puesto en información de la especificación del puesto son la base sobre la que se decide qué tipo de personas se recluta y contratan. Compensaciones También es necesaria una clara comprensión de lo que cada empleo representa para estimular su valor y la compensación apropiada para cada uno. Éstos se debe a que la compensación está vinculada generalmente con la capacidad de requerida, el nivel de educación, los riesgos de seguridad y otros, dos ellos son factores que se identifican por medio del análisis de puesto. También se verá que muchas empresas clasificar los puestos en categorías el análisis de puesto ofrece los datos para determinar el valor relativo de cada posición para que puede ser clasificada. La evaluación de desempeño consiste en comparar el desempeño real de cada empleado con del rendimiento deseado. Con frecuencia es mediante el análisis de puesto que los ingenieros industriales y otros expertos determinan los criterios que se deben alcanzar y las partidas específicas que realizar. ¿ QUÉ ES LA ADMINISTRACIÓN DE PROYECTOS ? Es la planeación, organización, dirección y control de los recursos para lograr un objetivo a corto plazo. También se dice que la administración de proyectos ocurre cuando se da un énfasis y una atención especial para conducir actividades no repetitivas con el propósito de lograr un conjunto de metas. Esta actividad es llevada a cabo por un conjunto de administradores que actúan como agentes unificadores para proyectos particulares, tomando en cuenta los recursos existentes, tales como el tiempo, materiales, capital, recursos humanos y tecnología. accelerated depreciation account book accounting - book-keeping accounting criteria - accounting standards accounts payable accrual accrued liability - accrued expense accrued revenue - accrued income actual cost added value adjustment administrative expenses advances affiliated company allocation of the dividend amortization - depreciation amortize - to depreciate annual general meeting (AGM) approve a balance articles of association asset assets assets and liabilities assets side assets value associated companies auditing - audit auditors' certificate balance sheet balance-sheet analysis balance-sheet consolidation balance-sheet items balance-sheet ratios board of directors book profit book value Book Keeping loss break even point (BEP) break-up value budget industrial and commercial equipment intangible assets interests earned interests paid inventories - stock inventory inventory accounting - stock accounting inventory book inventory records - stock records inventory turnover index inventory value investment invoicing - billing land and buildings legal reserve liabilities liabilities side limited liability company limited partner - sleeping partner limited partnership liquid assets liquidity long-term financing loss loss on credits major shareholder majority interest majority shareholder make a list of inventory manage a company management buy-out memorandum of association minority interest minutes of a meeting net assets net margin net profit non-taxable income on first call one-man business abandon an action according to law arbitration arbitration clause assessment of damage assignment attorney - proxy holder authenticate award a contract lease contract legal action - lawsuit legal adviser legal assistance legal charges - legal fees legal department legal domicile legal proceedings - legal action legal representative bankruptcy bankruptcy petition be in force bilateral agreement binding breach of contract break an agreement break the law cancellation date certificate certify cheat - to swindle code come into force come to terms competent court lessee - tenant letter of intents liability in contract licensee lien creditor limitation period magistrate - judge mortgage notary public notice notify omission partial agreement patent patent patent holder TAREA: REALIZAR SU CURRICULUM EN INGLES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ IN THE AIR Explicación del Modismo BEING DISCUSSED. GENERALLY OBVIOUS. Ejemplo del Modismo en "THE DAYS ARE GETTING LONGER AND THE FLOWERS ARE BLOOMING. SPRING IS IN THE AIR." A GREY AREA Explicación del Modismo SOMETHING THAT IS DIFFICULT TO DEFINE. Ejemplo del Modismo I RESEARCHED YOUR CASE BUT THERE ARE NOT ANY BLACK AND WHITE ANSWERS. YOUR SITUATION SEEMS TO FALL INTO A GREY AREA." UP IN ARMS Explicación del Modismo ANGRY. Ejemplo del Modismo "THE CROWD WAS AGITATED. EVERYONE WAS UP IN ARMS OVER THE GOVERNMENT DECISION." GO BEHIND SOMEONE'S BACK Explicación del Modismo DO SOMETHING WITHOUT TELLING SOMEONE. Ejemplo del Modismo "DON'T TRUST JANE. SHE ACTS FRIENDLY BUT SHE IS ALWAYS GOING BEHIND SOMEONE'S BACK." EACH TO HIS OWN Explicación del Modismo EVERYONE IS ENTITLED TO HIS OWN INDIVIDUAL OPINION. Ejemplo del Modismo "I CAN'T SAY THAT I LIKE GEORGE'S NEW FURNITURE. IT SEEMS VERY PLAIN AND UNCOMFORTABLE. OH WELL, EACH TO HIS OWN." +